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Every year, World Stroke Day is a reminder that cardiovascular disease—the combination of heart attacks and strokes—is still the biggest threat to health in Barbados. The latest data from the Barbados National Registry for Non-Communicable Diseases (BNR) show a troubling picture: both conditions are striking more people, and survival rates are not improving in the way they have in other parts of the world.
In 2022 alone, 556 Barbadians suffered a heart attack and 765 experienced a stroke. Men made up slightly more than half of these cases, and they continue to be affected at younger ages than women. Women, on the other hand, are more likely to experience these conditions later in life, often in their 80s and beyond. Sadly, the number of deaths is still far too high. For every 100,000 people in the country, 98 men and 64 women died from a heart attack, while 90 men and 62 women lost their lives to stroke. Many of those who do not die from their heart attack or stroke, are left with disability impacting work and independence. These figures represent some of the highest rates recorded since the Registry began keeping track 14 years ago.
So why are we not seeing better outcomes? One reason is the stubborn rise in risk factors. High blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, and kidney disease are all becoming more common in Barbados, and all of them contribute to cardiovascular disease. Another factor is delay. Too often, people either do not recognise the warning signs or wait too long before seeking medical attention. And even when they do reach hospital, not everyone gets the urgent tests or treatments needed in those critical first hours.
Recognising symptoms quickly can save lives. Heart attacks often announce themselves with chest pain or pressure that may spread to the arms, neck, jaw, or back. Women and patients with diabetes sometimes do not have chest pain but may have symptoms that mimic indigestion. Shortness of breath, nausea, sweating, or feeling faint are other common signs. Strokes, on the other hand, tend to appear suddenly, often with one side of the face drooping, weakness or numbness in the arm, and slurred or difficult speech. In both cases, every minute matters. Getting emergency care right away can make the difference between life and death, or between recovery and long-term disability.
The BNR and the Ministry of Health and Wellness agree that Barbados needs a stronger response. Tackling high blood pressure—the leading risk factor for both heart attacks and strokes—must be a national priority. Hospitals also need to strengthen protocols so that patients receive the right care as quickly as possible. And perhaps most importantly, public awareness must grow. People need to understand the seriousness of these conditions, know the warning signs, and act fast when they appear.
Cardiovascular disease is not just a matter of statistics—it affects families, workplaces, and entire communities. On World Stroke Day, the message is clear: Barbados cannot afford to wait. By taking steps to control risk factors, recognising symptoms early, and ensuring timely care, we can begin to reverse these worrying trends.